Comparative antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential quercetin and corycavidine from Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. and Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad & Wendl

Abstract

Liver disease is the major health issues in current era. Antioxidants play the essential role in hepatoprotection by protecting the hepatic cells against free radicals. Flavonoids and alkaloids are the essential plants bioactive that play the major role in the antioxidant system. In our project we used diamond flower Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. and Yellow berried Nightshade Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad & Wendl., and both plants have major phytoconstituent which acts as antioxidants. Thus, the aim of the current study validates the isolation, characterization, and determination of in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective consequences of corycavidine and quercetin that were isolated from Diamond flower Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. and Yellow berried Nightshade Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad & Wendl.. The study intent to isolate and identify the antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent from two different plants and compare their hepatoprotective potential to obtain the most effective liver protective phytoconstituent. Quercetin was isolated from S. xanthocarpum by column chromatography employing n-butanol: acetic acid: H2O (2:2:6) as a solvent system, however, corycavidine was isolated from H. corymbosa by column chromatography employing chloroform: methanol: diethylamine (4:1:2.2) as mobile phase. Structural illustrations were confirmed by UV, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Both the phytoconstituents, corycavidine and quercetin, were explored for their antioxidant potential by investigating CAT, SOD GSH, and LPO in liver homogenates of experimental rats. Additionally, the in vivo hepatoprotective effect was examined against simvastatin (20 mg/kg, p.o.), which induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rodents. The liver protective activity was computed by determining distinct biochemical parameters like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, bilirubin, total protein, cholesterol and urea along with hematological parameters and histopathological studies. The results of spectroscopic methods confirmed that the isolated phytochemical constituent from the H. corymbosa is corycavidine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, however from S. xanthocarpum is quercetin a flavonoid. Both phytoconstituents significantly (P <0.05 P <0.001) and dose-dependently reversed simvastatin induced elevated levels of SGOT, SGPT, cholesterol, urea, total bilirubin and restored the total protein and albumin level in experimental rats. Furthermore, it also signifies the blood parameters at a dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg and restored the body protection system. The histological examination exhibited that corycavidine and quercetin at a dose of 100 mg/kg showed regeneration of hepatocytes around the central vein with nearly normal liver architecture. The results expressed the hepatoprotective outcome of quercetin is preeminent than corycavidine and therefore, scientifically validates its traditional application.